thyroid

UK: ˈθaɪ.rɔɪd | US: ˈθaɪ.rɔɪd

Definition

  1. n. A large ductless gland in the neck that secretes hormones regulating growth and metabolism.

  2. adj. Relating to or affecting the thyroid gland.

Structure
thyre <shield>oid <resembling>thyre <shield>oid <resembling>
Etymology

The word "thyroid" originates from the Greek thyreoeidēs ("shield-shaped"), coined by anatomist Thomas Wharton in 1656. The gland’s name reflects its resemblance to the oblong shields used by ancient Greek soldiers. Over time, the term evolved into "thyroid" in medical Latin, retaining its descriptive logic while simplifying the spelling.

Examples

  1. The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism.

  2. She was diagnosed with an overactive thyroid.

  3. Thyroid hormones are essential for brain development in children.

  4. The doctor ordered a thyroid ultrasound to check for nodules.

  5. Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid produces insufficient hormones.