underlying

UK: ˌʌndəˈlaɪɪŋ | US: ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ

Definition

  1. adj. existing beneath the surface; fundamental or basic

  2. adj. implicit but not directly expressed

  3. adj. (finance) serving as the basis for derivative products

Structure
under <below>lie <rest>ing <adjective suffix>
Etymology

The word "underlying" combines "under" (Old English under, meaning "below") and "lie" (Old English licgan, meaning "to rest or be situated"). The suffix "-ing" forms a present participle, turning the verb into an adjective. Originally literal ("lying beneath"), it evolved metaphorically to describe foundational or hidden aspects (e.g., "underlying cause"). In finance, it refers to assets backing derivatives (20th century).

Examples

  1. The underlying issue of the conflict was never addressed.

  2. Geologists study the underlying rock formations.

  3. Her smile masked an underlying sadness.

  4. The underlying asset of this option is gold.

  5. The report reveals the underlying trends in consumer behavior.